TESA
TESA method It is used in the most severe cases of male infertility when the ejaculate contains no spermatozoa or there are very few of them.
What is the TESA method?
TESA (“testicular sperm aspiration”) is a biopsy of the testicles, which is performed by puncturing a thin needle through the skin into the testicle in order to extract the necessary biomaterial from it – male germ cells.
What is the TESA method used for?
The TESA method is used for non-obstructive azoospermia, in which there is a violation of the testicles and sperm production. This condition occurs for the following reasons:
- genetic diseases and chromosomal abnormalities;
- toxic effects on the body and radiation;
- endocrine diseases;
- torsion of the testicles;
- orchitis;
- cryptorchidism.
How is the operation going?
TESA is a gentle and simple procedure, after which there are practically no complications. A butterfly needle is connected to a syringe (20 ml), after which it is punctured in the anterior section of the testicle. With the help of negative pressure, a light liquid is released, which enters the syringe through a tube. Further, the tip of the needle is displaced and puncture is performed from 10-15 points. The needle is removed, and with it, a small piece of tissue comes out, which is excised. All the material obtained is immediately sent to the embryologist for sperm identification.
How is sperm taken?
The obtained spermatozoa undergo a rigorous selection process based on three criteria:
- morphological signs;
- mobility;
- ripening stage.
If the result is positive, the following treatment methods are selected:
- the fertilization of the egg using IVF (in vitro fertilization) or ICSI (intracytoplasmic injection into the egg).
How quickly can fertilization be carried out?
With a successful TESA (sperm determination) procedure, fertilization is carried out within 72 hours. In addition, male germ cells can be frozen until the moment of ICSI. This will help to avoid reoperation if the fertilization attempt fails. If the TESA attempt fails, it is recommended to undergo a TESE (testicular biopsy).
Despite the fact that the TESA method is relatively young, it has already helped many couples to become parents. Previously, the diagnosis of “azoospermia” meant that a man was guaranteed not to be able to have children, but now, thanks to a simple procedure, the chance to know the joy of fatherhood has increased significantly.